ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW,
PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL
PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE
COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953,
08168759420
CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO FACE GAS BURNER
ABSTRACT
This project which is on the design and fabrication of a two face gas burner is a brief exploration on the various ways and means of designing, construction, operating the two face gas burner, putting cost into consideration for economic advantage. Herein are brief information and literature on gas burner. The properties of the constructional feature and their preference in construction are described. The combustion reaction resulting to the heat liberated is also given. Also, the practical approach in making the construction of a two face gas burner up to this standard is also given and recommendation to improve on the standard is also included in this report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Specification of problem
1.4 Component parts and their functions
CHAPTER TWO
CONSTRUCTION MECHANISM / THEORY OF COMBUSTION
2.1 Description of combustion devices
2.2 Pre mix or nozzle air blast burner
2.3 Mode of operation
2.4 Flame
2.5 Ultimate analysis
2.6 Requirement of the gas
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIAL SELECTION
3.1 Properties
3.2 Mid steel
3.3 Brass
3.4 Cast iron
3.5 Hose
3.6 Copper pipe
CHAPTER FOUR
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.1 Tools and equipment used
4.2 Sequence of manufacturing
CHAPTER FIVE
ASSEMBLY OF THE PROJECT
5.1 Front view
5.2 Plan
5.3 Side view
CHAPTER SIX
COST OF PRODCUTION/COST ANALYSIS
6.1 Design cost
6.2 Material cost
6.3 Machine cost
6.4 Total cost
CHAPTER SEVEN
MAINTENANCE OF DEVICE
7.1 Safety precautions
7.2 Testing of the device
7.3 Recommendation
7.4 Conclusion
7.5 References
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The construction of a two-face gas burner as a project topic that we embark upon become necessary as a way of way of putting into application the engineering and technological knowledge acquired so far. It is a starting point of actualizing a functional technology in the country. Irrespective of the fact that there are several breads of gas burners in the market, especially the ones imported, we deemed it necessary to work further on it as a way of modifying the brand with cast not left out in such modification.
1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
The development of simple gas burner started in the eighteen countries when people began to use coal gas for burning. The application was fast put into practice by William Mulock who designed the simple gas cooker to be used in his office, home and workplace
The first experimental gas cooker was made and in use in 1850. The improvement of this has multiplied greatly and is up to date widely used in homes, restaurants and large catering establishments. The different types of gas cookers available in the in the market are based on skills and techniques of the designer or producer.
Based on the nature of energy supply, some gas cookers are made up of combustion devices of an electric heating element. The well-constructed ones are properly adapted and form an integral combustion of which of which they generate and utilize heat. It is often quite different to draw a line where heat generation stops and where heat utilization starts in a fuel forced cooker. That is the fuel fired cooker being on the pack in the market these days.
The releasing of heart starts with mixture of air and fuel gas in the nozzle and combustion of the mixture to release heart takes place at the burner.
1.3 SPECIFICATION OF PROBLEM
In the course of fabricating the two-face gas burner, as a copied project with some propose modification, some condition which ought to be met are found as a standard of comparison with the already existing ones. This posed a difficulty in the course of this construction. Since choice between already existing gas cooker lies on service available, durability, connivance cost.
The following specifications were considered a problem when we started the design.
1. PORTABILITY.
How to fabricate a two-face gas burner that will occupy the minimum space in the kitchen was a problem. A two-face gas burner that is easily to be met in met in our design.
2. To construct a two-face gas burner that will be safe to any prospective user.
3. To constructs a two-face gas burner that will be easy to maintain and wise gas will be free from unpleasant smell.
4. To construct a two-face gas burner whose source of energy (fuel) will be local.
1.4 COMPONENT PARTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. Burner chamber
2. Linkage pipe
3. Hose
4. Gas Cylinder (containing gas valve)
5. Angle bar (material)
6. Control knob or valve
7. Connection pipe for gas flow
8. Nut
9. Rod.
THE BURNER: This being the main component where combustion takes place to release heat. There is gas delivery line, which leads to it in addition to an adjustment to control the rate of atmospheric air mixing with the natural gas
LINKAGE PILE: This is the pipe line through which natural gas flow to the burner. One is lined along the frame of the burner as seen.
THE GAS CYLINDER: This is the component of the gas burner that containing the gas fuel through which a hose as connected to the copper pipe of the burner through the gas passes to the burner for combustion.
HOSE: This serves as a link between the copper tubing and the control value of the burner.
MILD STELL PLATE this is used as a covering or a wall for the gas burner. It also serves as a seat for the values.
CHAPTER TWO
COMBUSTION MECHANISM/THEORY OF THE GAS BURNER
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF COMBUSTION DEVICE.
There are different types of commercially fixed gas burner and combustion equipment in which usage. Some knowledge of this type of burner, combustion and aerodynamics within a plant is therefore essential if a physical study is to be a success.
The combustion equipment is usually selected to satisfy a range of design requirement including firmly rate, flame length and shape, temperature and combustion product. All these factors influence the heat transfer, hence the thermal efficiency of the burner in a particular and on the nature on its aerodynamics behaviour when installed in plant.
In practice, many burner fall into categories which has deterring implication
2.2 PRE-MIX OR NOZZLE AIR BAST BURNER
In both cases, flame stabilization is commonly achieved by employing a refractory tunnel downstream at the burner head with combustion substantially completed within the tunnel. This produces a high velocity stream of combustion product as close to adiabatic flame temperature.
The velocity and momentum of the jet is often employed to promote high rate of recitations of combustion of the burner. When mixing is an good proportion, there will be complete, occupying a fraction of the combustion chamber.
Direct radiation from the flame to the load is small compared to the overall radiant transferred from the hot combustion product flowing within the furnace chamber.
2.3 MODE OF OPERATION
To permit flow of the gas to the pipe loading to the burner, the top or the regulator is turned to “on” position, the ripple is adjusted to regulate the flow of the gas which also controls the flame size and heat
The gas then mixes with the air which then flows to the main tunnel. The match is ignited and bought near the small hole where the mixture flows out. A combustion, which gives out a flame, is seen. The nature of the flame depends on the amount air mixing with the fuel gas.
2.4 FLAME
Two type of flame are always observed namely:
1. THE LUMINOUS FLAME: This is produce when the adjustment completely closes off air to the pipe. The flame will be yellow and when the air is cold it will be smoky. This shows incomplete combustion.
2. HON LUMNOUS FLAME: This has a blue colour. Its temperature is higher than the luminous flame. It is produced when air is made to flow along the pipe. There is complete combustion.
2.5 ULTMATE ANAYSIS OF THE FUEL GAS
The fuel gas used in this project is methane with ultimate analysis of carbon =12g by mass of the total mass.
Hydrogen = 4g by the total mass.
Methane (GH4) =16g total mass.
Methane constitutes 92.6% by volume of a typical natural gas.
Combustion reaction for complete combustion
Combustion reaction for incomplete combustion
2.6 REQUIREMENT FOR GAS FUEL
1) it must attain a controllable uniform temperature in the burner.
2) The fuel mixture should be that which support combustion.
3) The fuel mixture should be the type that will react with the materials
the major fuel to be used is methane the simplest compound in the alkene series. It support combustion.
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 MATERIAL SELECTION
As a mandatory step in engineering design, before a material is selected, the general. Properties of such material, its manufacturing process, its chemicals composition has to be considered. In addition, the treatment it receives before usage need to be considered. This will help to assess the prosperities and quality expected in the design.
In the course of this project many engineering materials were open to us for a choice to be made. In all these, we looked for some properties before selecting
The properties are as follows
1) Casting ability.
2) Toughness of the material
3) Malleability of the material
4) Machinability of the material
5) Ability of the material to withstand considerable heat (surface hardening).
6) Durability of the material
7) Ability to withstand indentation
8) Availability of the material.
9) Cost of the material
10) Other properties including rigidity
Weight etc. with above the mind, a lot of engineering materials were considered fit of these material/alloy that come into mind include galvanized steel, stainless steel, alloyed nickel, iron alloyed aluminum, Brass alloy, mid steel.
Inspite of several alternatives, our final choice was based on cost with certain properties considered.
3.2 MILD STEEL
This is highly favored in the construction of the body of the gas burner. It posses in addition to the above properties, ability to withstand scratching, abrasion, indentation by harder body. It can also be easily wielded.
3.3 BRASS
This used in the construction of the valve of the gas burner and tap because of its ductility and strength of its alloy.
3.4 CAST IRON
This is used in the construction of the burner. it has the ability to withstand heat.
3.5 HOSE
This is chose because of its availability and cost effectiveness.
3.6 COPPER PIPE
This is chosen because of its ductility for the construction of the flow channel of fluid. It is flexible, easily straightened to be in line with the frame of the gas burner.
CHAPTER FOUR
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.1 The tools and equipment used in the construction of the two face gas burner are
1. HAND SCRIBER: this was used in marking out the work piece
2. MEASURING Tape: this was used to measure out the dimensions required of the design.
3. VICE: this was used to clamp the work piece.
5. HACK SAW: This was used in cutting the cook piece to the required size.
6. Try square: this was used to check the squareness of the work piece.
7. Electric’s are welding machine: this was used in welding the metal parts together.
8. Drilling machine: it was used for drilling holes for bolt and nut
4.2 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
OPERATION
|
EQUIPMENT USED
|
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
|
SKETCH
|
TIME
|
1) Measuring
|
Measuring tape
|
After the material has been bought from the market, a tape calubrated in mm was used to measure out all the component parts required.
| ||
2) Marking out
|
Hand scriber
|
Marking out of the measured parts was done with scriber held in hand like a pen.
|
30 mins
| |
3) cutting
|
Hack saw, file, try-square are and vice
|
Hack saw was used in cutting the angle bars, flat bars, which were clamped to the bench vice while cutting a try square was used to check the square-ness. The cutting was done slightly more than the actual dimension. File was later used to reduce it to its actual dimension.
|
1 hour
| |
4) welding
|
Try square, welding electrode, Arc welding machine, Angle grander.
|
The squareness of the parts to be welded were checked with the try square. Frostily welding was done with lower amperage of 80 –100. Finally welding was done with 120-150 amperage so that it will have enough welding deposit. The surface of the work was smoothening with angle grander.
| ||
5) Assembly of burner to frame of the gas cooker
|
Welding electrode, Arc welding machine
|
The burner was set to be at the centre of each frame. It was then welded to the body of the frame.
|
2 hour
| |
6) Gas pipe assembly
|
The gas pipe was given three marks at different places and three sizes of the pipe were used. One was welded with the seating of the burner, the other ones were fixed into the pipe gas line. It has nut, which holds it together. The last pipe was fitted to the body of the gas cooker. The two gas values were used.
| |||
7) Drilling
|
Drilling machine
|
The holes through which the nut were fixed was drilled in the drilling machine and also the burner.
|
3 hour
| |
8) smoothening
|
Emery cloth
|
The body of the gas cooker frame and pipe were smoothened using emery cloth
|
1 hour
| |
9) painting
|
Painting brush and paint spraying machine
|
The body of the gas cooker was painted to prevent rusting. Ie both the frame and the pipes
|
2 hour
|
CHAPTER FIVE
ASSEMBLY OF THE PROJECT
5.1 FRONT VIEW
CHAPTER SIX
COST OF PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS
This deals with the total cost of accomplishing the project as seen below.
S/NO
|
MATERIAL
|
SPECIFICATION
|
COST(
|
1
|
Angle bar
|
18 feet (5485.4.mm)
|
800.00
|
2
|
Mild steel plate
|
10 feet (3048mm)
|
800.00
|
3
|
Rod (y25)
|
7 feet (2133.6mm)
|
300.00
|
4
|
Values (gas)
|
300.00
| |
5
|
Electrode
|
3.2mm diameter
|
250.00
|
6
|
Paint
|
1 tin
|
800.00
|
7
|
Bolt
|
M6
|
80.00
|
8
|
Sand/Emery cloth
|
50.00
| |
9
|
Copper tubing
|
12.25mm diameter
|
150.00
|
10
|
Hose
|
12.25mm
|
100.00
|
11
|
Cast iron burner
|
1000.00
| |
12
|
Gas cylinder
|
3000.00
|
MACHINE COST
S/N
|
MACHINE
|
COST(
|
1
|
Cost of hiring drilling machine
|
100.00
|
2
|
Cost of hiring oxyacetylene and arc welding machine
|
500.00
|
3
|
Cost of hiring hack-saw blade
|
100.00
|
4
|
Cost of hiring vice
|
100.00
|
5
|
Cost of hiring files
|
200.00
|
TOTAL
|
1,000.00
|
Cost of transportation N1500.00
Therefore total cost for completing the project.
Material cost +machine cost + transportation = N10, 130.
CHAPTER SEVEN
MAINTENANCE OF THE DEVICE
To ensure optimum life span of the device, it ought to be properly handled. The operation technique is very import i.e “on” and “off” whenever there is any deficit in the supply of the gas to the burner, the valve and cylinder content should be checked. The cylinder should be refilled if need be.
The burner should be cleaned by removing dirt’s, which sticks to it after each use. The valve should be removed and cleaned thoroughly when never low working condition id perceived, after which it should be fixed back.
A pointed object like pin should be used to remove dirt from the nipple hole. If after the service, the valve still malfunctions, it should be replaced with new one.
7.1 SAFETY PRECAUTION
To safeguard the user and the device against injury and damage respectively, the following precaution should be noted.
1.) Always lock the cylinder regulator and gas cooker valve after usage.
2.) Gas leakage should always be checked, as this could lead to poisoning and explosion
3.) The gas cooker should not be put on without a flame
4.) It should be used in a well – aerated environment.
5.) Water should not be used in putting off the flame
6.) Children should be well instructed on how to operate the device one cannot automatically stop them from using it
7.2 TESTING OF THE DEVICE
After concluding the project the gas cooker was tested in the same shop with gad filled cylinder and it was observed. There was a non luminous (blue) flame and the gas was coming out almost simultaneously. The cooker can only produce a blue (non-luminous) flame if the oxygen flowing inside the burner is properly regulated.
7.3 RECONMENDATION
Since final year project is mandatory to all final year irrespective of the department, we wish to make the following recommendations that the department should always inform the school authority to always make fund available for projects do that students can finish their final year project without difficulties. That department should find the importation of new books and technological magazine into the department library n current basis. This will change students into research and creativity. That final year topic should be released as early as possible so that students can have time to make exhaustive research.
7.4 CONCLUSION
Having completed the project, we came to realize that the task of collecting facts and data is influenced by wide range of factors such as time practical application of engineering knowledge in construction.
This project has really directed our attention to research study and practical engineering application of the knowledge acquired so far.
With this construction, our hearts and focus is aroused towards actualizing Nigeria dream of building a functional technology.
REFERENCES
EASTOP T.D. AND MCCONKEY .A. Applied Thermodynamics 5th Edition 1999
SMITH E.G.M Basic Fabrication and welding
Engineering. Craft Studies
Series Merdyn Hinghes
London Longman 1975.
HUNNNAH J. AND M.J. HILWER Applied
Mechanics 2nd Edition
TOWNSEND A.L Plumbing and Gas
Installation 3rd Edition 1970.
TRINKS .W. AND HAWANNER .M.H. Capacity of
Gas 4th Edition, Industrial
Furnace (1925 – 1967)
CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO FACE GAS BURNER
ABSTRACT
This project which is on the design and fabrication of a two face gas burner is a brief exploration on the various ways and means of designing, construction, operating the two face gas burner, putting cost into consideration for economic advantage. Herein are brief information and literature on gas burner. The properties of the constructional feature and their preference in construction are described. The combustion reaction resulting to the heat liberated is also given. Also, the practical approach in making the construction of a two face gas burner up to this standard is also given and recommendation to improve on the standard is also included in this report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Specification of problem
1.4 Component parts and their functions
CHAPTER TWO
CONSTRUCTION MECHANISM / THEORY OF COMBUSTION
2.1 Description of combustion devices
2.2 Pre mix or nozzle air blast burner
2.3 Mode of operation
2.4 Flame
2.5 Ultimate analysis
2.6 Requirement of the gas
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIAL SELECTION
3.1 Properties
3.2 Mid steel
3.3 Brass
3.4 Cast iron
3.5 Hose
3.6 Copper pipe
CHAPTER FOUR
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.1 Tools and equipment used
4.2 Sequence of manufacturing
CHAPTER FIVE
ASSEMBLY OF THE PROJECT
5.1 Front view
5.2 Plan
5.3 Side view
CHAPTER SIX
COST OF PRODCUTION/COST ANALYSIS
6.1 Design cost
6.2 Material cost
6.3 Machine cost
6.4 Total cost
CHAPTER SEVEN
MAINTENANCE OF DEVICE
7.1 Safety precautions
7.2 Testing of the device
7.3 Recommendation
7.4 Conclusion
7.5 References
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The construction of a two-face gas burner as a project topic that we embark upon become necessary as a way of way of putting into application the engineering and technological knowledge acquired so far. It is a starting point of actualizing a functional technology in the country. Irrespective of the fact that there are several breads of gas burners in the market, especially the ones imported, we deemed it necessary to work further on it as a way of modifying the brand with cast not left out in such modification.
1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
The development of simple gas burner started in the eighteen countries when people began to use coal gas for burning. The application was fast put into practice by William Mulock who designed the simple gas cooker to be used in his office, home and workplace
The first experimental gas cooker was made and in use in 1850. The improvement of this has multiplied greatly and is up to date widely used in homes, restaurants and large catering establishments. The different types of gas cookers available in the in the market are based on skills and techniques of the designer or producer.
Based on the nature of energy supply, some gas cookers are made up of combustion devices of an electric heating element. The well-constructed ones are properly adapted and form an integral combustion of which of which they generate and utilize heat. It is often quite different to draw a line where heat generation stops and where heat utilization starts in a fuel forced cooker. That is the fuel fired cooker being on the pack in the market these days.
The releasing of heart starts with mixture of air and fuel gas in the nozzle and combustion of the mixture to release heart takes place at the burner.
1.3 SPECIFICATION OF PROBLEM
In the course of fabricating the two-face gas burner, as a copied project with some propose modification, some condition which ought to be met are found as a standard of comparison with the already existing ones. This posed a difficulty in the course of this construction. Since choice between already existing gas cooker lies on service available, durability, connivance cost.
The following specifications were considered a problem when we started the design.
1. PORTABILITY.
How to fabricate a two-face gas burner that will occupy the minimum space in the kitchen was a problem. A two-face gas burner that is easily to be met in met in our design.
2. To construct a two-face gas burner that will be safe to any prospective user.
3. To constructs a two-face gas burner that will be easy to maintain and wise gas will be free from unpleasant smell.
4. To construct a two-face gas burner whose source of energy (fuel) will be local.
1.4 COMPONENT PARTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. Burner chamber
2. Linkage pipe
3. Hose
4. Gas Cylinder (containing gas valve)
5. Angle bar (material)
6. Control knob or valve
7. Connection pipe for gas flow
8. Nut
9. Rod.
THE BURNER: This being the main component where combustion takes place to release heat. There is gas delivery line, which leads to it in addition to an adjustment to control the rate of atmospheric air mixing with the natural gas
LINKAGE PILE: This is the pipe line through which natural gas flow to the burner. One is lined along the frame of the burner as seen.
THE GAS CYLINDER: This is the component of the gas burner that containing the gas fuel through which a hose as connected to the copper pipe of the burner through the gas passes to the burner for combustion.
HOSE: This serves as a link between the copper tubing and the control value of the burner.
MILD STELL PLATE this is used as a covering or a wall for the gas burner. It also serves as a seat for the values.
CHAPTER TWO
COMBUSTION MECHANISM/THEORY OF THE GAS BURNER
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF COMBUSTION DEVICE.
There are different types of commercially fixed gas burner and combustion equipment in which usage. Some knowledge of this type of burner, combustion and aerodynamics within a plant is therefore essential if a physical study is to be a success.
The combustion equipment is usually selected to satisfy a range of design requirement including firmly rate, flame length and shape, temperature and combustion product. All these factors influence the heat transfer, hence the thermal efficiency of the burner in a particular and on the nature on its aerodynamics behaviour when installed in plant.
In practice, many burner fall into categories which has deterring implication
2.2 PRE-MIX OR NOZZLE AIR BAST BURNER
In both cases, flame stabilization is commonly achieved by employing a refractory tunnel downstream at the burner head with combustion substantially completed within the tunnel. This produces a high velocity stream of combustion product as close to adiabatic flame temperature.
The velocity and momentum of the jet is often employed to promote high rate of recitations of combustion of the burner. When mixing is an good proportion, there will be complete, occupying a fraction of the combustion chamber.
Direct radiation from the flame to the load is small compared to the overall radiant transferred from the hot combustion product flowing within the furnace chamber.
2.3 MODE OF OPERATION
To permit flow of the gas to the pipe loading to the burner, the top or the regulator is turned to “on” position, the ripple is adjusted to regulate the flow of the gas which also controls the flame size and heat
The gas then mixes with the air which then flows to the main tunnel. The match is ignited and bought near the small hole where the mixture flows out. A combustion, which gives out a flame, is seen. The nature of the flame depends on the amount air mixing with the fuel gas.
2.4 FLAME
Two type of flame are always observed namely:
1. THE LUMINOUS FLAME: This is produce when the adjustment completely closes off air to the pipe. The flame will be yellow and when the air is cold it will be smoky. This shows incomplete combustion.
2. HON LUMNOUS FLAME: This has a blue colour. Its temperature is higher than the luminous flame. It is produced when air is made to flow along the pipe. There is complete combustion.
2.5 ULTMATE ANAYSIS OF THE FUEL GAS
The fuel gas used in this project is methane with ultimate analysis of carbon =12g by mass of the total mass.
Hydrogen = 4g by the total mass.
Methane (GH4) =16g total mass.
Methane constitutes 92.6% by volume of a typical natural gas.
Combustion reaction for complete combustion
Combustion reaction for incomplete combustion
2.6 REQUIREMENT FOR GAS FUEL
1) it must attain a controllable uniform temperature in the burner.
2) The fuel mixture should be that which support combustion.
3) The fuel mixture should be the type that will react with the materials
the major fuel to be used is methane the simplest compound in the alkene series. It support combustion.
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 MATERIAL SELECTION
As a mandatory step in engineering design, before a material is selected, the general. Properties of such material, its manufacturing process, its chemicals composition has to be considered. In addition, the treatment it receives before usage need to be considered. This will help to assess the prosperities and quality expected in the design.
In the course of this project many engineering materials were open to us for a choice to be made. In all these, we looked for some properties before selecting
The properties are as follows
1) Casting ability.
2) Toughness of the material
3) Malleability of the material
4) Machinability of the material
5) Ability of the material to withstand considerable heat (surface hardening).
6) Durability of the material
7) Ability to withstand indentation
8) Availability of the material.
9) Cost of the material
10) Other properties including rigidity
Weight etc. with above the mind, a lot of engineering materials were considered fit of these material/alloy that come into mind include galvanized steel, stainless steel, alloyed nickel, iron alloyed aluminum, Brass alloy, mid steel.
Inspite of several alternatives, our final choice was based on cost with certain properties considered.
3.2 MILD STEEL
This is highly favored in the construction of the body of the gas burner. It posses in addition to the above properties, ability to withstand scratching, abrasion, indentation by harder body. It can also be easily wielded.
3.3 BRASS
This used in the construction of the valve of the gas burner and tap because of its ductility and strength of its alloy.
3.4 CAST IRON
This is used in the construction of the burner. it has the ability to withstand heat.
3.5 HOSE
This is chose because of its availability and cost effectiveness.
3.6 COPPER PIPE
This is chosen because of its ductility for the construction of the flow channel of fluid. It is flexible, easily straightened to be in line with the frame of the gas burner.
CHAPTER FOUR
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.1 The tools and equipment used in the construction of the two face gas burner are
1. HAND SCRIBER: this was used in marking out the work piece
2. MEASURING Tape: this was used to measure out the dimensions required of the design.
3. VICE: this was used to clamp the work piece.
5. HACK SAW: This was used in cutting the cook piece to the required size.
6. Try square: this was used to check the squareness of the work piece.
7. Electric’s are welding machine: this was used in welding the metal parts together.
8. Drilling machine: it was used for drilling holes for bolt and nut
4.2 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
OPERATION
|
EQUIPMENT USED
|
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
|
SKETCH
|
TIME
|
1) Measuring
|
Measuring tape
|
After the material has been bought from the market, a tape calubrated in mm was used to measure out all the component parts required.
| ||
2) Marking out
|
Hand scriber
|
Marking out of the measured parts was done with scriber held in hand like a pen.
|
30 mins
| |
3) cutting
|
Hack saw, file, try-square are and vice
|
Hack saw was used in cutting the angle bars, flat bars, which were clamped to the bench vice while cutting a try square was used to check the square-ness. The cutting was done slightly more than the actual dimension. File was later used to reduce it to its actual dimension.
|
1 hour
| |
4) welding
|
Try square, welding electrode, Arc welding machine, Angle grander.
|
The squareness of the parts to be welded were checked with the try square. Frostily welding was done with lower amperage of 80 –100. Finally welding was done with 120-150 amperage so that it will have enough welding deposit. The surface of the work was smoothening with angle grander.
| ||
5) Assembly of burner to frame of the gas cooker
|
Welding electrode, Arc welding machine
|
The burner was set to be at the centre of each frame. It was then welded to the body of the frame.
|
2 hour
| |
6) Gas pipe assembly
|
The gas pipe was given three marks at different places and three sizes of the pipe were used. One was welded with the seating of the burner, the other ones were fixed into the pipe gas line. It has nut, which holds it together. The last pipe was fitted to the body of the gas cooker. The two gas values were used.
| |||
7) Drilling
|
Drilling machine
|
The holes through which the nut were fixed was drilled in the drilling machine and also the burner.
|
3 hour
| |
8) smoothening
|
Emery cloth
|
The body of the gas cooker frame and pipe were smoothened using emery cloth
|
1 hour
| |
9) painting
|
Painting brush and paint spraying machine
|
The body of the gas cooker was painted to prevent rusting. Ie both the frame and the pipes
|
2 hour
|
CHAPTER FIVE
ASSEMBLY OF THE PROJECT
5.1 FRONT VIEW
CHAPTER SIX
COST OF PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS
This deals with the total cost of accomplishing the project as seen below.
S/NO
|
MATERIAL
|
SPECIFICATION
|
COST(
|
1
|
Angle bar
|
18 feet (5485.4.mm)
|
800.00
|
2
|
Mild steel plate
|
10 feet (3048mm)
|
800.00
|
3
|
Rod (y25)
|
7 feet (2133.6mm)
|
300.00
|
4
|
Values (gas)
|
300.00
| |
5
|
Electrode
|
3.2mm diameter
|
250.00
|
6
|
Paint
|
1 tin
|
800.00
|
7
|
Bolt
|
M6
|
80.00
|
8
|
Sand/Emery cloth
|
50.00
| |
9
|
Copper tubing
|
12.25mm diameter
|
150.00
|
10
|
Hose
|
12.25mm
|
100.00
|
11
|
Cast iron burner
|
1000.00
| |
12
|
Gas cylinder
|
3000.00
|
MACHINE COST
S/N
|
MACHINE
|
COST(
|
1
|
Cost of hiring drilling machine
|
100.00
|
2
|
Cost of hiring oxyacetylene and arc welding machine
|
500.00
|
3
|
Cost of hiring hack-saw blade
|
100.00
|
4
|
Cost of hiring vice
|
100.00
|
5
|
Cost of hiring files
|
200.00
|
TOTAL
|
1,000.00
|
Cost of transportation N1500.00
Therefore total cost for completing the project.
Material cost +machine cost + transportation = N10, 130.
CHAPTER SEVEN
MAINTENANCE OF THE DEVICE
To ensure optimum life span of the device, it ought to be properly handled. The operation technique is very import i.e “on” and “off” whenever there is any deficit in the supply of the gas to the burner, the valve and cylinder content should be checked. The cylinder should be refilled if need be.
The burner should be cleaned by removing dirt’s, which sticks to it after each use. The valve should be removed and cleaned thoroughly when never low working condition id perceived, after which it should be fixed back.
A pointed object like pin should be used to remove dirt from the nipple hole. If after the service, the valve still malfunctions, it should be replaced with new one.
7.1 SAFETY PRECAUTION
To safeguard the user and the device against injury and damage respectively, the following precaution should be noted.
1.) Always lock the cylinder regulator and gas cooker valve after usage.
2.) Gas leakage should always be checked, as this could lead to poisoning and explosion
3.) The gas cooker should not be put on without a flame
4.) It should be used in a well – aerated environment.
5.) Water should not be used in putting off the flame
6.) Children should be well instructed on how to operate the device one cannot automatically stop them from using it
7.2 TESTING OF THE DEVICE
After concluding the project the gas cooker was tested in the same shop with gad filled cylinder and it was observed. There was a non luminous (blue) flame and the gas was coming out almost simultaneously. The cooker can only produce a blue (non-luminous) flame if the oxygen flowing inside the burner is properly regulated.
7.3 RECONMENDATION
Since final year project is mandatory to all final year irrespective of the department, we wish to make the following recommendations that the department should always inform the school authority to always make fund available for projects do that students can finish their final year project without difficulties. That department should find the importation of new books and technological magazine into the department library n current basis. This will change students into research and creativity. That final year topic should be released as early as possible so that students can have time to make exhaustive research.
7.4 CONCLUSION
Having completed the project, we came to realize that the task of collecting facts and data is influenced by wide range of factors such as time practical application of engineering knowledge in construction.
This project has really directed our attention to research study and practical engineering application of the knowledge acquired so far.
With this construction, our hearts and focus is aroused towards actualizing Nigeria dream of building a functional technology.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
AFFILIATE LINKS:
myeasyproject.com.ng
easyprojectmaterials.com
easyprojectmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterial.net.ng
easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
projectmaterials.com.ng
googleprojectsng.blogspot.com
myprojectsng.blogspot.com.ng
https://projectmaterialsng.blogspot.com.ng/
TYCOMPUTER.COM.NG
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